THE GENERATIONS OF 1914 AND 1927 IN THE SOCIETY OF SPANISH CULTURE

Abstract

Progressively, according to the course of events at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries, the Spanish people create certain confusions related to terminology and etymology, to what European civilization means, due to which new modernist prototypes are taken over, without taking into account their own tradition. This way of looking at it has to do not only with the way of emancipation of man himself, who basically behaves similarly everywhere, but also with the way in which he is shaped by the society in which he is given to live. Programs with educational content, although fundamentally based on the same conservative ideas, intervene in the way of understanding the values of this people. This responsibility is taken over by two generations of intellectuals who reach maturity around 1914 (that is why it is called the Generation of 1914) and 1927 (the above-called Generation of 1927). They adopt new concepts of awareness and (re)valuation of the Spanish tradition, on the one hand, but also of adaptation of a mentality that propels evolution at the educational, social, ethical and political levels, on the other. If in the first and second decades of the 20th century slight transformations take place at the level of the monarchical and social system, in the decade of the 1920s-1930s, these changes end up being much better assimilated and adapted to the new public requirements, given the emancipation of any Spanish citizen, who will have equal rights with the bourgeois class, not only to pre-university schooling, but also to university education, which is considered to be a great step forward for Spanish society at that time.